* Harpy Eagle
* They nest in tall trees and will take chicks from the nests of other birds
* Ocelot
* It may hunt Spix's Macaws, but it may also compete for their main food item—seeds.
* Common Kiskadee
* It sometimes steals food stored by Spix's Macaws
* Red-headed Vulture
* It will not kill Spix's Macaws, but will take over the nest holes
* Capuchin Monkey
* It might feed occasionally on their eggs or chicks
* Great Black Hawk
* It may compete for nesting cavities
Humans
* Poachers
* Spix's Macaws have high value on the black market, so they are often removed from the wild.
* Habitat Destruction
* Humans have been destroying the habitat of Spix's Macaws for decades through deforestation for logging, agriculture, human settlement, and cattle grazing