Lactic acid is produced as a result of what process?

Lactic acid is produced as a result of the process known as lactic acid fermentation. This process is carried out by various bacteria and fungi, such as Lactobacillus and Streptococcus. During lactic acid fermentation, carbohydrates, such as glucose, are broken down into lactic acid. This process occurs in the absence of oxygen, which is why it is referred to as anaerobic fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation is commonly used in the preservation of food, as the lactic acid produced inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria, extending the shelf life of food products. It is also used in the production of fermented foods such as yogurt, cheese, and sauerkraut, as well as certain beverages like kefir and kombucha.