- Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi): Found exclusively in the Philippines, it's the world's largest eagle and a national bird symbol.
- Tamaraw (Bubalus mindorensis): A critically endangered dwarf water buffalo species found in Mindoro.
2. Terrestrial Mammals:
- Philippine Tarsier (Tarsius syrichta): One of the world's smallest primates, nocturnal with large, expressive eyes.
- Philippine Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis): Commonly found in forests, easily recognizable by their long tail.
3. Birds:
- Philippine Hornbill (Penelopides panini): A large forest bird known for its distinctive horn-like casque.
- Palawan Peacock Pheasant (Polyplectron emphanum): A vibrant, ground-dwelling bird found only in Palawan.
4. Marine Biodiversity:
- Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park: A UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its pristine coral reefs and diverse marine life.
- Apo Reef Natural Park: Another marine protected area with rich coral reefs and biodiversity, also a popular dive site.
5. Endemic Frogs:
- Palawan Wrinkled Frog (Glossedontia lanthanites): A colorful frog found only on the slopes of Mt. Victoria in Palawan.
- Luzon Bleeding-heart Frog (Leptobrachium lumadorum): A distinct species with heart-shaped markings on its throat.
6. Plants:
- Rafflesia arnoldii: One of the largest flowers in the world, parasitic and has an unpleasant odor.
- Amorphophallus titanum: Known for its massive flowers, it's endemic to the Philippines and other parts of Southeast Asia.
7. Reptiles:
- Philippine Sailfin Lizard (Hydrosaurus pustulatus): A large semi-aquatic lizard found in coastal habitats.
- Philippine Crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis): Critically endangered, they inhabit freshwater habitats in several Philippine islands.
8. Caves:
- Puerto Princesa Underground River National Park: Home to one of the world's longest underground rivers and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Sagada Caves: A system of caves in the Mountain Province known for burial jars and hanging coffins.
9. Insects:
- Chocolate Mimic Swallowtail (Papilio rumanzovia): A rare butterfly that resembles a dried leaf for camouflage.
- Atlas Moth (Attacus atlas): One of the largest moths globally, its wingspan can reach up to 12 inches.
10. Marine Mammals:
- Philippine Sea Turtle Species (Hawksbill, Green, and Olive Ridley Turtles): These endangered turtles nest in beaches and are important for marine ecosystems.
- Dugong (Dugong dugon): A gentle sea cow species that inhabits coastal waters and seagrass beds.