Parts of a Fish's Body

Fish are eaten, kept as pets and studied all around the world. Made up of millions of different species, the color, shape and weight of them differ greatly, but the fundamental body parts remain the same and make fish what they are. It is important to understand the basic parts of a fish's body and the functions each of them provide.

  1. Fins

    • Fins are a fish's legs and arms. The dorsal fin is located on the center of the back of a fish and varies in size depending on the type of fish. The dorsal fin was made famous in the film, "Jaws," and is associated with fish more than any other body part. It is believed the dorsal fin helps fish maintain stability whilst swimming and other fins located elsewhere on the body help with moving, balancing and turning.

    Skin

    • Like any other animal, fish have skin which performs many vital roles. The skin of a fish is divided into two layers, the epidermis layer and the dermis. These layers constantly shed and are replaced naturally. Slime cells are found in between the two layers which help provide a protective covering to the skin and scales.

    Scales

    • Scales help to protect fish from the environment by covering the skin so it is not exposed. Scales are usually relatively slimy, which it is believed provides the fish with added protection and helps them to glide through the water faster and more efficiently. As a fish gets older, its scales produce rings, which is one way that you can tell how old a fish is.

    Gills

    • Fish breathe via their gills. The walls of the pharynx are perforated by five slit-like openings which allows for gases to pass in and out, allowing the fish to breathe whilst in water. These gills are usually found near to the head of a fish or on its side. Without these, a fish could not survive in its environment.