1. Homographs: Words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and may or may not be pronounced differently.
- Example: "bass" (the fish) and "bass" (the musical instrument).
2. Homophones: Words that are pronounced the same but have different meanings and spellings.
- Example: "bear" (the animal) and "bare" (naked).
3. Homographs that are Homophones: Words that are spelled and pronounced the same but have different meanings.
- Example: "stalk" (a plant stem) and "stalk" (to follow someone).
4. Heteronyms: Words that have different pronunciations and meanings but are spelled the same.
- Example: "lead" (pronounced "leed" to refer to the metal) and "lead" (pronounced "leed" to refer to guiding).
5. Palindromes: Words, phrases, or sequences of characters that read the same forward and backward.
- Example: "racecar" and "madam."