1. Fungiform papillae: These are small, mushroom-shaped papillae that are distributed across the entire tongue. They contain taste buds, which are sensory structures that allow us to perceive taste.
2. Filiform papillae: These are long, thin, and pointed papillae that cover the front two-thirds of the tongue. They do not contain taste buds, but they help to move food around the mouth and create friction for chewing.
3. Circumvallate papillae: These are large, circular papillae that are located at the back of the tongue. They contain taste buds and are surrounded by a moat-like trench.
4. Foliate papillae: These are leaf-shaped papillae that are located on the sides of the tongue. They contain taste buds and are thought to play a role in detecting sour tastes.
5. Dorsum papillae: These are small, rounded papillae that are located on the back of the tongue. They contain taste buds and are thought to play a role in detecting bitter tastes.