Chiroptera are the only mammals capable of true flight. They are an extremely diverse order, with over 1,400 species worldwide. Chiroptera exhibit a wide range of characteristics and adaptations that have allowed them to exploit a variety of niches and ecosystems. Some of the key characteristics of Chiroptera include:
* Forelimbs modified into wings: The forelimbs of chiroptera are elongated and covered with a membrane of skin, forming wings. The wings are supported by the greatly elongated bones of the fingers, as well as the radius and ulna.
* Hindlimbs used for climbing and walking: The hindlimbs of chiroptera are generally shorter than the forelimbs and are used for climbing and walking.
* Paws armed with sharp claws: The paws of chiroptera are armed with sharp claws that are used for clinging to surfaces.
* Ears often enlarged and funnel-shaped: The ears of chiroptera are often enlarged and funnel-shaped, which helps them to hear the high-pitched sounds they use for echolocation.
* Eyesight may be poorly developed or absent: Some chiroptera have poorly developed eyesight, while others have no eyes at all. They rely on echolocation to navigate and locate prey.
* Nocturnal or crepuscular habits: Most chiroptera are nocturnal or crepuscular, meaning they are active at night or in the twilight hours.
* Teeth adapted for a variety of diets: The teeth of chiroptera are adapted for a variety of diets, including insectivory, frugivory, nectivory, and sanguivory.
* Social animals: Many chiroptera are social animals and live in colonies, which can range in size from a few individuals to several thousand.
* Long-lived: Some chiroptera, such as the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), can live for up to 30 years in the wild.
The combination of these characteristics and adaptations has allowed chiroptera to become one of the most diverse and successful orders of mammals on Earth.