In pervasive mineralization, the entire organism, including its internal structures and microscopic details, is replaced by mineral matter. This type of petrification occurs when mineral-rich water or groundwater seeps into the organism's remains and gradually replaces the organic material with minerals. The minerals may be silica (quartz), calcite (calcium carbonate), pyrite (iron sulfide), or other mineral compounds.
Pervasive mineralization results in the formation of solid, stone-like replicas of the original organism. These replicas preserve the form, shape, and intricate details of the organism, providing valuable insights into ancient life and the conditions under which the petrification occurred. Examples of pervasive mineralization include fossilized bones, shells, wood, and leaves.