What causes the remains of an animal or plant to decay?

Decay is the process by which organic matter breaks down into simpler substances. It is caused by the action of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms that feed on the organic matter. These microorganisms produce enzymes that break down the complex molecules of organic matter into simpler molecules, such as carbon dioxide, water, and ammonia.

The rate of decay is affected by a number of factors, including the temperature, moisture content, and oxygen content of the environment. Decay occurs more quickly in warm, moist environments with plenty of oxygen. This is because the microorganisms that cause decay are most active in these conditions.

Decay is an important process in the cycling of nutrients in the environment. The nutrients that are released by the decay of organic matter are used by plants to grow. Decay also helps to break down pollutants and other harmful substances in the environment.