Here's a more detailed explanation:
* Genetic basis: The Falabella breed is a result of selective breeding practices over many generations. Breeders intentionally chose the smallest individuals to mate, accumulating the dwarfism gene in their lineage.
* Dwarfism gene: This gene affects the production of growth hormone, a key regulator of body size. The Falabella's genetic makeup results in lower growth hormone levels, leading to stunted growth.
* Distinct phenotype: The dwarfism gene results in a specific phenotype, including:
* Short stature: Falabellas are significantly smaller than other horse breeds, typically standing between 28 and 34 inches tall.
* Proportional body: While smaller, they maintain the typical proportions of a horse, with a slender build and long legs.
* Other characteristics: They are also known for their gentle disposition, intelligence, and strong hooves.
While their small size is due to a genetic mutation, it is crucial to remember that Falabellas are healthy and capable horses, able to engage in a range of activities, including riding, driving, and companionship.