Gerbil Types

Members of the rodent family, gerbils are kept as pets and in medical or scientific research. The Mongolian and Fat-tailed gerbils are the two main types of gerbils kept as pets, though more than 100 breeds can be found in the wild. All gerbils share some basic characteristics, but different breeds have specific characteristics developed by those breeds.

  1. Characteristics of Gerbils

    • Gerbils come in a variety of colors, from white to black. They range in size between 3 and 16 inches long. They are more comfortable in quiet living spaces, away from shrill and loud noises. They have a very good sense of smell, which compensates for their poor eyesight. Gerbils are non-aggressive, which makes them good pets for families. However, they can be aggressive with unfamiliar gerbils if introduced after sexual maturity. They are generally active and like to explore their surroundings.

    Mongolian Gerbils

    • Mongolian Gerbils are a popular breed for pets. They are also referred to as Desert Rats, and are often confused with another species called the Mongolian Jird. Mongolian Gerbils are native to semi-desert areas of Mongolia. There are more than 20 coat colors bred, and Mongolian Gerbils are gentle, social creatures, so they are best in pairs or small groups and make good pets for families. They typically live between 3 and 5 years.

    Fat-Tailed Gerbils

    • Fat-tailed Gerbils are new as pets, but are the most docile breed of gerbil. They're native to the northern deserts of Africa. Their coat is yellow or gray with a white underside. They have short, club-shaped tails that are used to store food and water. Fat-tailed Gerbils are social, but can also live alone. Due to their non-aggressive personalities, they don't mind being handled and rarely bite. They typically live between 5 and 7 years.

    Other Gerbil Types

    • Other breeds of gerbils have specific characteristics that allow them to survive in their native climates. For example, the Cheesman's Gerbil, which is native to Iraq, Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan, is sand-colored in order to blend in with its sandy surroundings. Some species, such as Emin's Gerbil, are difficult to breed in captivity. Other breeds are docile and can make good pets. Gerbils are social animals and prefer to live in pairs or small groups. In fact, many breeds become depressed when alone.