Guaiacol occurs naturally in a variety of plants, including guaiacum wood and creosote bush. It is also a component of wood smoke. Guaiacol is produced commercially by the thermal decomposition of guaiacol acetate or by the reaction of catechol with potassium hydroxide.
Guaiacol is used as an expectorant, a local anesthetic, and an antiseptic. It is also used as a flavoring agent in foods, beverages, and perfumes.
Guaiacol is a potential human carcinogen. It is metabolized in the body to catechol, which is a known carcinogen. Guaiacol is also a skin irritant and may cause allergic reactions.
Guaiacol should be handled with care. It is important to avoid contact with the skin and eyes, and to avoid inhaling the vapors.