Territoriality:
* New introduction: Guinea pigs are very territorial, and introducing a new guinea pig to an established group can trigger aggression. This is especially true if the new guinea pig is of the same sex as the resident guinea pig.
* Space: If the cage is too small or crowded, it can increase stress and competition for resources, leading to aggression.
Dominance:
* Hierarchy: Guinea pigs establish a dominance hierarchy within their group. The dominant guinea pig might attack others to assert its position.
* Breeding: Male guinea pigs can become aggressive towards each other, especially during breeding season.
Stress:
* Loud noises: Loud noises and sudden movements can scare guinea pigs and make them act aggressively.
* Changes in routine: Changes in feeding times, cage cleaning schedules, or even the addition of new toys can stress guinea pigs and lead to aggression.
* Medical problems: Pain, illness, or injury can cause guinea pigs to become irritable and aggressive.
Other factors:
* Personality: Some guinea pigs are naturally more aggressive than others.
* Genetics: Certain breeds may be more prone to aggression.
* Handling: Rough or inconsistent handling can make guinea pigs fearful and reactive.
What to do if you see guinea pigs fighting:
* Separate immediately: If you see guinea pigs fighting, separate them immediately to prevent injury.
* Observe: Observe the guinea pigs for signs of injury, such as cuts, bites, or swelling.
* Consider a vet visit: If there are any injuries, take the guinea pigs to the vet for treatment.
* Re-introduce slowly: If the aggression is due to a new introduction, re-introduce the guinea pigs slowly and cautiously, following a method recommended by a veterinarian or experienced guinea pig owner.
Prevention:
* Provide adequate space: Ensure the cage is large enough for all guinea pigs to have their own space.
* Introduce new guinea pigs slowly: Introduce new guinea pigs to the group gradually, over a period of days or weeks.
* Monitor behavior: Watch the guinea pigs closely for signs of aggression or stress.
* Provide enrichment: Offer plenty of toys, hideouts, and opportunities for exploration to reduce boredom and stress.
* Handle gently: Handle guinea pigs gently and consistently to build trust.
* Seek professional advice: If you are concerned about guinea pig aggression, consult a veterinarian or experienced guinea pig owner for advice.