1. Hay: This is the most important part of their diet! It should make up about 80% of what they eat. Good choices include:
* Timothy hay: Best for adults, providing fiber and promoting dental health.
* Oat hay: A good option for younger guinea pigs or those with lower activity levels.
* Alfalfa hay: Higher in protein and calcium, but best for young guinea pigs or pregnant/lactating females. Avoid feeding alfalfa hay to adults as it can lead to health problems.
2. Fresh Vegetables: These should make up about 10% of their diet. Choose a variety from this list:
* Leafy Greens: Kale, romaine lettuce, parsley, cilantro, dandelion greens, spinach (in moderation due to oxalates)
* Bell Peppers: Red, green, or yellow
* Cucumber: Low in calories and good for hydration
* Carrot: A good source of vitamin A, but feed in moderation.
* Broccoli: Provide sparingly due to potential gas issues
* Pumpkin: Good for digestion and gut health, but offer in limited amounts.
3. Guinea Pig Pellets: These should make up about 10% of their diet.
* Choose high-quality pellets specifically formulated for guinea pigs. Avoid pellets with fillers like corn or soy.
* Ensure pellets are fresh and do not have any mold or discoloration.
4. Fruits: Offer as a treat, no more than a teaspoon per day. Choose from:
* Berries
* Apples (no seeds)
* Bananas (in moderation)
* Mango
* Papaya
Things to Avoid:
* Processed foods: Avoid giving your guinea pig human food like chips, candy, bread, etc.
* Dairy: Guinea pigs cannot digest lactose.
* Chocolate: Toxic to guinea pigs.
* Grains: Not essential for guinea pigs.
* Large amounts of seeds and nuts: High in fat and can cause digestive issues.
Important Notes:
* Fresh water: Always provide clean, fresh water.
* Vitamin C: Guinea pigs cannot produce their own vitamin C, so it's crucial to ensure their diet provides enough.
* Hay should be available at all times.
* Introduce new foods slowly to avoid digestive upsets.
* Consult with a veterinarian to ensure your guinea pig's diet is appropriate for their age, health, and activity level.
By following these guidelines, you can ensure your guinea pig gets all the nutrients they need for a happy and healthy life.