About Russian Dwarf Hamsters

Russian dwarf hamsters (Phodopus sungorus), also referred to as Dzhungarian hamsters, winter white hamsters or Campbell's dwarf hamsters, are becoming increasingly popular as small pets. Though they are related to domestic, or Syrian, hamsters, Russian dwarf hamsters differ in significant ways. They are smaller than Syrian hamsters as well as more social and docile.

  1. Types

    • Dwarf hamsters come in a variety of colors and patterns. Due to their popularity as pets, more color types are bred often. Despite this variability, three colors are generally recognized: albino, argente (silver or gray) and opal (cream or pink). Patterns vary, but the colors tend to be mottled or solid. The fur of some dwarf hamsters turns white during the winter months.

    Habitat

    • Wild Russian dwarf hamsters are native to Russia, Mongolia and Siberia. These solitary hamsters can be found in arid grasslands, steppes and sand dunes throughout their geographic distribution. In captivity, Russian dwarf hamsters are normally housed in small glass aquariums, with pine-shavings for substrate and other objects (like paper towel tubes and exercise wheels) for play. Clean these habitats weekly to maintain the health of the animal.

    Diet

    • In the wild, Russian dwarf hamsters are opportunistic herbivores. They will eat nearly any plant matter they come across as well as foraging for grains, seeds and nuts. In captivity, dwarf hamsters fare better on a diet of processed food pellets made specifically for hamsters or other small rodents, with seeds and plant matter given as an occasional treat.

    Health and Longevity

    • Russian dwarf hamsters are generally hardy in captivity if cared for properly. Dwarf hamsters occasionally have averse reactions to the oils found in cedar shavings, which can cause loss of fur, dehydration and infection which may ultimately lead to death. For this reason, cedar shavings should never be used as substrate for dwarf hamsters. Unsanitary conditions may lead to intestinal problems or respiratory or skin infections. The average lifespan of a dwarf hamster is between one and two years, but they may live up to four.

    Considerations

    • The small size, calm demeanor, short lifespan and relative ease of care have made Russian dwarf hamsters popular as pets, especially for children. Though dwarf hamsters make excellent beginner pets, they require daily care and supervision. If you are in doubt about whether a dwarf hamster will make an appropriate pet, consult a veterinarian or breeder.