1. Skin cancer: Albinism is associated with a higher risk of developing skin cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. This is due to the lack of melanin, which protects the skin from damage caused by ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
2. Eye problems: Albino individuals may have various eye problems, including nystagmus (rapid, involuntary eye movements), photophobia (sensitivity to light), and reduced visual acuity. These can make it difficult to navigate the environment and perform everyday tasks, leading to potential accidents and injuries.
3. Infections: Albino individuals may be more susceptible to certain infections, such as respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. This is because melanin plays a role in the body's immune system.
4. Genetic disorders: Some forms of albinism are associated with other genetic disorders or conditions, such as Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome and Chediak-Higashi syndrome. These conditions can cause various health problems, including bleeding disorders, immune deficiencies, and neurological issues.
5. Accidents and injuries: Albino individuals may be at increased risk of accidents and injuries due to their poor vision and susceptibility to sunburn. They may also face social and psychological challenges due to their distinct appearance, leading to isolation, depression, and reduced access to education and employment opportunities.
It's important to note that while albinism can pose certain health challenges, with proper medical care and support, albino individuals can lead long, fulfilling, and healthy lives.