1. Mammals:
- Cave bears
- Woolly mammoths
- Woolly rhinoceroses
- Saber-toothed cats
- Aurochs (wild cattle)
- Horses
- Saiga antelopes
- Giant deer
2. Birds:
- Giant ground birds (like the moa in New Zealand)
- Eagles
- Vultures
- Falcons
3. Insects:
- Various beetles
- Ants
- Bees
- Butterflies
4. Fish:
- Salmon
- Trout
- Sturgeon
- Pike
5. Mollusks:
- Freshwater and marine snails
- Clams
- Mussels
6. Amphibians:
- Frogs
- Salamanders
7. Reptiles:
- Lizards
- Snakes
- Turtles
- Crocodiles
- Tortoises
8. Plants:
- Grasses
- Shrubs
- Trees (such as birch, pine, oak, and hazel)
- Mosses
- Lichens
- Ferns
It's worth noting that the plant and animal species present during Neanderthal times varied greatly depending on geographic location, climate, and environmental factors. For instance, areas covered by glaciers or affected by extreme cold would have harbored different organisms compared to warmer or temperate regions.