Hunting and persecution: Peregrine falcons were historically hunted for their feathers and meat, and they were also persecuted as predators of game birds. While these practices have declined in many areas, they still pose a threat to peregrines in some regions.
Pesticide use: Peregrines are top predators and can accumulate high levels of pesticides and other contaminants in their tissues. This can cause a variety of health problems, including reproductive impairment and immune system damage.
Climate change: Climate change is disrupting the timing of peregrine's migrations and breeding cycles, and it is also reducing the availability of their prey species. This can make it difficult for peregrines to survive and reproduce.
As a result of these factors, peregrine falcons are listed as endangered in some areas and vulnerable in others. However, conservation efforts have helped to increase their populations in many parts of the world.