Here are some common examples:
Beetles:
* Bark beetles: These tiny beetles burrow into the bark of trees, feeding on the phloem (the layer that carries nutrients). Some species can kill entire trees.
* Longhorn beetles: These beetles have long antennae and can bore into both living and dead wood. They often lay their eggs in the wood, and the larvae then feed and develop within the wood.
* Powderpost beetles: These beetles are known for the fine, powdery sawdust they produce. They can damage wooden structures, furniture, and other wood products.
Moths:
* Carpenter moths: The larvae of these moths bore into wood, creating tunnels that can weaken the wood.
* Clearwing moths: These moths are known for their clear, transparent wings. Their larvae feed on the wood of various trees and shrubs.
Other Insects:
* Termites: These social insects are highly effective at digesting wood. They have symbiotic relationships with protozoa in their gut that break down cellulose.
* Wood wasps: These wasps lay their eggs in wood. The larvae feed on the wood, creating tunnels and galleries.
* Wood ants: Some ant species collect wood chips and use them to build their nests. They may also feed on wood-eating fungi.
How do they do it?
These insects have evolved specialized digestive systems that allow them to break down cellulose. Some insects have symbiotic relationships with bacteria or fungi that live in their gut and produce enzymes that can digest cellulose. Others have developed their own enzymes to digest the wood.
It's important to note that not all insects that live in wood are wood-eating. Some, like woodpeckers, are predators that feed on wood-boring insects. Others, like spiders, may use wood as shelter.