Why do plant and animal species face extinction?

1. Habitat destruction: This is the leading cause of extinction for both plants and animals. When natural habitats are destroyed, such as through deforestation, wetlands drainage, or urbanization, the species that live there lose their homes and their ability to survive.

2. Climate change: Rising global temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events are all taking a toll on plant and animal species. Some species are unable to adapt to these changing conditions and are forced to move to new areas or die out.

3. Overexploitation: This occurs when a species is hunted, fished, or harvested at a rate that is unsustainable. Overexploitation can lead to population decline and eventual extinction.

4. Pollution: Air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution can all harm plant and animal species. Pollution can cause health problems, reduce food availability, and disrupt ecosystems.

5. Invasive species: Invasive species are non-native species that have been introduced to an area outside of their natural range and have a negative impact on the environment. Invasive species can compete with native species for resources, such as food and habitat, and can also spread diseases.

6. Disease: Diseases can spread rapidly through plant and animal populations, causing widespread death and population decline. Some diseases are caused by naturally occurring pathogens, while others are introduced by humans, such as through the pet trade or agriculture.