Invasive species often have aggressive behaviours, high rates of reproduction, and a low tolerance to predators or competitors, allowing them to take advantage of local conditions. These species may negatively affect native species by outcompeting them for resources, such as food and habitat, and by transmitting diseases or parasites. Invasive species can also alter the structure and function of ecosystems in profound ways, disrupting natural food webs, changing nutrient cycling, and increasing the risk of wildfires.
Bioinvasions can occur naturally, through the migration or dispersal of species from one area to another. However, human activities play a significant role in facilitating bioinvasions. International trade, transportation, and tourism can inadvertently introduce non-native species into new environments, where they may thrive and become invasive. Other factors that contribute to bioinvasions include habitat modification, climate change, and pollution.
Preventing bioinvasions requires a multi-faceted approach involving international cooperation, strict border control, public awareness, and effective quarantine measures. Early detection and rapid response to new infestations are crucial to containing their spread and minimising their impacts.