1. Cell Membrane: Both ostrich eggs and human cells have an outermost layer that serves as a protective barrier. In the case of an ostrich egg, this is the eggshell, which is composed primarily of calcium carbonate. In human cells, the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
2. Cytoplasm: The ostrich egg's yolk and albumen (white) together constitute its cytoplasm. This viscous, gel-like substance contains essential nutrients, proteins, and other biomolecules necessary for the development of an ostrich embryo. Similarly, the cytoplasm of a human cell contains organelles, enzymes, and other cellular components suspended in a gel-like matrix.
3. Nucleus: The germinal disc within the ostrich egg is analogous to the nucleus of a human cell. The germinal disc contains the genetic material (DNA) required for the development of an ostrich embryo. In a human cell, the nucleus houses the cell's chromosomes, which carry the DNA blueprints for the cell's functions and characteristics.
While these similarities at a high level highlight the fundamental attributes of both an ostrich egg and a human cell, it is important to recognize the vast complexity and differences that exist at a molecular and functional level between a single-celled organism and a complex multicellular organism like a human.