1. Stay Calm and Observe: Avoid any sudden movements or loud noises that might startle the bear. Observe the bear's behavior from a distance.
2. Identify Yourself: Make your presence known by talking in a calm, firm voice. Let the bear know you're human.
3. Back Away Slowly: Begin to slowly back away from the bear, ensuring that you don't turn your back directly towards it. Maintain eye contact with the bear.
4. Resist Eye Contact in Some Situations: While maintaining eye contact is generally encouraged, if you encounter a defensive bear, it's better to avoid direct eye contact. Defensively staring can be interpreted as a challenge by some bears.
5. Minimize Movements: Move slowly, calmly, and deliberately, avoiding any jerky or sudden actions.
6. Avoid Direct Confrontation: Never run, approach, or corner a bear. Give the bear ample space to move away.
7. Play Dead for Aggressive Attacks: If a bear charges at you and begins an aggressive attack, fall to the ground and lie flat on your stomach, placing your hands behind your neck and protecting your head. Remain still and play dead until the bear leaves the area.
8. Carry Bear Deterrent Spray: If you're in bear country, consider carrying bear deterrent spray (pepper spray made specifically for bears). Know how to use it properly before venturing into bear habitats.
9. Stay Together: If you're hiking or camping with a group, stay together. Bears are less likely to approach a group of people.
10. Make Noise When Hiking or Camping: While hiking, make noise by talking or clapping your hands periodically to alert bears to your presence. Bears tend to avoid encountering humans whenever possible.
11. Proper Food Storage: Ensure proper storage of food, toiletries, and other items with strong scents to avoid attracting bears to your campsite.
12. Don't Run: Running can trigger the bear's predatory instincts. Maintain your slow and calm retreat while backing away from the bear.
13. Don't Climb a Tree: Climbing a tree is not a recommended strategy. Most bears are capable of climbing trees.
14. Educate Yourself: Before venturing into bear habitats, educate yourself about bear behavior and safety guidelines in your specific region.
Remember that each situation is unique, so it's important to assess the behavior of the bear and use your best judgment to stay safe. If you encounter a bear, the goal is to avoid conflict, show that you're not a threat, and give it space to leave the area.