Bacterial Infections:
* Pasteurella multocida: This bacteria can cause respiratory infections in rabbits, and can be transmitted to humans through bites or scratches, leading to skin infections, pneumonia, or even sepsis.
* Ringworm: While not a "true" worm, this fungal infection can affect both rabbits and humans, causing itchy, circular rashes.
* Salmonella: Rabbits can carry Salmonella bacteria, which can cause food poisoning in humans if they are handled poorly or their feces are ingested.
Viral Infections:
* Rabies: While rare in rabbits, it's still possible, and can be deadly to humans if not treated.
* Herpesvirus: Some herpesviruses are specific to rabbits, but they can cause skin lesions in humans.
* Giardia: This intestinal parasite can be transmitted through contaminated water or food, and can cause diarrhea in both rabbits and humans.
Other Considerations:
* Flea and Mite Infestations: While not directly caused by the rabbit itself, fleas and mites that infest rabbits can bite humans and cause itching and irritation.
* Allergic Reactions: Some people are allergic to rabbit fur or saliva, which can cause symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes.
Preventing Transmission:
* Good Hygiene: Washing hands thoroughly after handling a rabbit, especially after cleaning their cage or litter box, is crucial.
* Avoid Bites and Scratches: Rabbits can scratch and bite, so it's important to handle them gently and supervise children around them.
* Vaccinations: Some vaccines, like the rabies vaccine, are available for humans and can protect them from zoonotic diseases.
It's always best to consult a veterinarian if you suspect your rabbit is ill, or if you have any concerns about the health of your pet.