Rabbit Uterine Infection

Females rabbits who have not been spayed can suffer from a uterine infection called pyometra. The infection is common among rabbits and other small mammals and can be treated with antibiotics or surgery, but if left alone, it could lead to cancer and other complications.

  1. The Facts

    • Pyometra disorder makes the lining of the uterus (endometrium) fill with fluid causing the bunny's uterus begins to bloat. During this process, the uterus is not able to remove fluids properly, which can result in massive expansion, and in some instances, rupturing. Virgin rabbits and animals that that have mated can be at risk for this infection.

    Causes

    • "Pasteurella multocida" is the bacterium that causes the uterine infection. These organism begin generating cysts in the ovaries and continues to cause an overgrowth that may lead to cancer if untreated. Age and the presence of this bacterium are two factors in this disorder's origin, but pyometra can be passed from rabbit to rabbit. Transmission can happen in the genital area and nasal cavity, during a birth or when a male carrying this bacteria breeds with an unaffected female.

    Symptoms

    • Watch for some key symptoms to detect a uterine infection. If the female has been bred and has infertility or stillborn pregnancies, this may indicate a disorder. Watch for paleness, a bloated stomach and vaginal discharge. Further, the rabbit's personality and activity level can change. Be on alert for depressive and aggressive behavior as well as weakness and sluggishness. In some cases, the rabbit may go into shock.

    Prevention

    • The best prevention for a uterine infection is to spay your female rabbit before her second birthday. Aside from preventing cancer and other complications, not having a uterus saves the animal from this particular disorder. If the rabbit is still intact, be sure to take her to a veterinarian knowledgeable about rabbits to monitor her health on a regular basis. If she begins to display symptoms, get her medical attention immediately because pyometra has a better chance of being cured if found early on.

    Treatment

    • Treatment may vary depending on the seriousness of the disorder. In some cases, antibiotics and a change in diet are recommended. Alternately, a blood transfusion and hysterectomy may be necessary to cure the animal. No matter the treatment, continue to monitor your rabbit to detect any complications, like hemorrhaging, and take her back to the vet as necessary.