* Communication. Tails are used by mammals to communicate with each other. For example, dogs wag their tails to show that they are happy or excited, and cats use their tails to show that they are angry or scared.
* Protection. Tails can be used as a defense mechanism against predators. Some mammals, such as lions and tigers, use their tails to whip their opponents. Others, such as porcupines, have tails that are covered in sharp quills.
* Thermoregulation. Tails help mammals regulate their body temperature. Some mammals, such as camels, have tails that store fat. This fat can be used to provide energy when food is scarce or to help the mammal stay cool in hot weather. Others, such as rabbits, have tails that are lined with blood vessels. This helps the mammal to dissipate heat when it is hot.
* Hunting. Tails can be used by mammals to catch prey. Some mammals, such as dogs and cats, use their tails to sweep through the grass or water to flush out prey. Others, such as squirrels, use their tails to climb trees and catch insects.
* Grooming. Tails can be used by mammals to groom themselves. Some mammals, such as monkeys, use their tails to scratch their backs and other hard-to-reach places. Others, such as elephants, use their tails to swat flies and other insects.