Are Box Turtles a Protected Species in North Carolina?

The eastern box turtle is the state reptile of North Carolina and is frequently killed by cars. It can be recognized by its rounded shell and marbleized color patterns ranging from yellow to red. These turtles can live several decades and grow up to 10 inches long. Though this turtle is under increasing threat from humans, it is not classified as a protected, threatened or endangered species in the state.

  1. Legal Status

    • Box turtles are not legally protected in North Carolina. Wild-caught turtles may legally be kept as pets under state law. However, local municipalities are permitted to pass ordinances regulating or prohibiting ownership of box turtles and other native species. Turtles kept as pets are subject to North Carolina's animal cruelty prevention laws, and must be provided with species-appropriate diets, water and medical care.

    Box Turtle Pets

    • Though state law permits ownership of wild-caught box turtles, catching and keeping turtles is a risky venture. These animals may suffer from stress-induced illnesses and die. They can also spread diseases they caught in the wild to other pets. Captive-bred eastern box turtles are a better choice for hobbyists. They have been partially domesticated and are less likely to suffer from illnesses.

    North Carolina Turtles

    • Box turtles are the only species of land turtle native to the state of North Carolina. Several species of water turtles live in North Carolina, including red-eared sliders, painted turtles, cooters and snapping turtles. Some species of water turtles may be confused with box turtles because of their bright color patterns. Water turtles can be differentiated from box turtles by their long claws, fully webbed feet and flat shells.

    Box Turtle Conservation

    • There are several steps individuals can take to aid in conservation of the eastern box turtle. Cars are the biggest threat to slow-moving turtles who frequently attempt to cross the road. If you see a turtle moving on the side of the road, move it to a wooded area. Ideally, this location should be reasonably close to where you found the turtle but far away from the road. If you uncover turtle eggs when gardening, hiking or engaging in other activities, rebury them and avoid moving or shaking them. Injured box turtles should be taken to a certified wildlife rehabilitation specialist. (See Resources for a link.)