How to Know if Your Hedgehog Is Sick

Hedgehogs are a type of mammal native to Asia, Europe and Africa. There are more than 15 species. Known for the sharp spines that cover most of their bodies, hedgehogs are one of few exotic animals that are kept as pets. Hedgehogs consume many pests typically found in vegetable and flower gardens. Symptoms of a sick hedgehog are similar to those of any sick animal; typically they include changes in behavior and appearance.

  1. Signs of a Healthy Hedgehog

    • A healthy hedgehog will always have a healthy appetite and lots of energy. Expressions generally convey alertness, and the eyes will appear bright and clear. Skin should be relatively flake-free. Healthy hedgehogs will not lose more than one spine each day. Other signs of a healthy hedgehog include bulky stools and noses that are free of discharge.

    Changes in Behavior

    • Inactivity is one change in behavior that can indicate a hedgehog is ill. Hedgehogs that seem to sleep more than normal and do not want to move are usually ill; this can even be due to a form of paralysis. Breathing difficulties such as raspy or labored breathing or panting are also symptomatic of illness. A hedgehog that does not urinate or pass feces throughout the day or night may also be ill, and diarrhea or otherwise loose stools may also occur. Strange sounds coming from your hedgehog, such as those other than normal squeaking, can indicate illness. Hedgehogs that lie flat on their stomachs or that form oblong positions when picked up are probably ill.

    Changes in Appearance

    • Illness generally results in changes in appearance in any living form, and hedgehogs are no exception. Changes in appearance that can indicate illness include skin that is abnormally flaky, and frequent loss of spines. Open, bleeding wounds are indicative of hedgehog illness, as is excessive discharge that appears around the nose, ears and mouth. Feel your hedgehog for unusual bumps or lumps, which can be another sign of illness.

    Sick Hedgehog Tips

    • If you think your hedgehog is sick, avoid handling it as much as possible. Keep it away from loud noises and cold air, and -- as much as you can -- avoid further stress to the animal. If the hedgehog has a cage mate, remove this second hedgehog immediately to avoid exposing it to illness and to keep it from aggravating the sick hedgehog. Instead, place the sick hedgehog in its cage in a warm (about 75 degrees Fahrenheit), dark, quiet room until you take it to see a veterinarian that specializes in exotic pets. Do not bathe your hedgehog unless specifically instructed to by your vet.