How to Care for Gambian Rats

Rat lovers might find Gambian rats (Cricetomys gambianus) very appealing. They are large, active and share the adaptability of the more familiar domestic rats. However, Gambian rats are not domestic animals and do not make very good pets unless you are prepared to put a lot of time and money into their care. The trade in exotic pets has led to numerous Gambian rats appearing in animal sanctuaries. If you run or help at such a sanctuary, or wish to provide a home for abandoned Gambian rats, bear in mind they are not simply large versions of pet rats, and they require different care.

Things You'll Need

  • Large enclosure
  • Climbing tree
  • Plastic, wood or cardboard nestbox
  • Heavy-duty water bottle
  • Non-toxic twigs or wood chews
  • Commercial rat or chipmunk food
  • Invertebrates
  • Fresh produce
  • Work gloves
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Instructions

    • 1

      Prepare a suitable enclosure for the rat. This species can grow up to 16 inches long, excluding the tail, and needs space, so most rat cages are not suitable. In a pinch, a large rabbit or squirrel cage would do, but a purpose-built wood-and-mesh enclosure is preferable. Include a climbing tree or frame and a wood, plastic or cardboard nestbox. You may need to replace cardboard nestboxes regularly. Use non-toxic woods. Include a heavy-duty water bottle. Toys such as ropes enrich the environment.

    • 2

      Line the enclosure with newspapers or cardboard torn into small pieces. Add strips of newspaper, which the rat will use as bedding.

    • 3

      Feed the rat a varied diet of a commercial rat or chipmunk food together with extra seeds, fresh fruits and vegetables, and invertebrate live food such as mealworms. In the wild these rats are omnivores, and in captivity they need a varied diet. Small quantities of walnuts or monkey nuts are suitable as a treat, but avoid hazelnuts or any nuts past their expiration date, as these can be poisonous.

    • 4

      Replace the water daily and clean the cage once a week.

    • 5

      Allow the rat out daily into a rat-proofed room, if possible. Gambian rats are more determined chewers than domestic rats, so do not allow them access to any wires, objects or furniture you'd rather did not get gnawed to pieces.