* Water temperature: Pond snails are cold-blooded animals, so their body temperature is regulated by the water temperature. In warmer water, pond snails will generally have a shorter lifespan. This is because their metabolism speeds up in warmer water, which causes them to age faster.
* Food availability: Pond snails are omnivores and will eat a variety of foods, including algae, plants, and animals. If there is a plentiful food supply, pond snails will generally have a longer lifespan. This is because they will be able to get the nutrients they need to stay healthy.
* Predators: Pond snails have several predators, including fish, birds, and insects. If there are a lot of predators in the pond, pond snails will generally have a shorter lifespan. This is because they are more likely to be eaten.
In addition to these factors, the lifespan of a pond snail can also be affected by genetics and disease. Some pond snail species are simply more long-lived than others. Additionally, pond snails can be susceptible to a variety of diseases, which can shorten their lifespan.