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Large Snakes
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The eastern rat snakes is central Pennsylvania's largest snake species, reaching lengths in excess of 8 feet. It is common throughout the state's woodlands and grasslands, ranging in color from dark brown to a lighter yellowish brown with dark blotches. It is sometimes mistaken for the northern racer, another large Pennsylvania native. Also found in the central regions of the state, the northern racer grows to around 5 feet in length and shares lives in woodlands, grasslands and rocky areas.
Medium-sized Snakes
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The eastern hog nose snake measures just less than 3 feet in length and is common to the eastern and central areas of the state. It is sometimes mistaken for the venomous copperhead.
The distinctive red and white eastern milk snake can reach lengths of more than 4 feet and is found throughout much of Pennsylvania.
The northern water snake is also similar in appearance to the copperhead. It is found in wetland marshes and can grow to just more than 4 feet.
The eastern garter snake can range between 2 and 3 feet in length and is widespread in the state.
Small Snakes
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Several of central Pennsylvania's snakes are small, including the tiny eastern worm snake, which is often less than 9 inches in length. The northern ring neck, northern brown and the red belly are all relatively short as well, with none of them reaching in excess of 16 inches. The smooth green snake, which is found in some of the central counties of the state, is a little longer, reaching up to 20 inches. All five species are found in the state's central regions, generally in wooded areas or wetland marshes.
Venomous Snakes
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Only two of the state's three native venomous snakes are found in central Pennsylvania, with the massasauga rattlesnake only found in the midwest counties.. The northern copperhead reaches lengths of up to 3 feet and can be dangerous to humans. Its venom, although not as strong as some species, can kill if left untreated.
The timber rattlesnake, which grows to almost 5 feet, is also found in the area and is more dangerous with a stronger venom.
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Snakes Found in Central Pennsylvania
Some 21 species of snakes have been recorded in the state of Pennsylvania, of which three are venomous. Of these 21 species, 13 can be found commonly in or around the central areas of the state, and two of these are venomous. These snakes can vary greatly in size, from just a few inches to several feet in length.