How Do I Distinguish Between Rattlesnake Skins & Nonpoisonous Snake Skins?

There are hundreds of species of snakes within the United States, each with distinct characteristics that set it apart from other species. This includes the many species of rattlesnakes that live here. While it may be difficult for the uninitiated to determine if a snakeskin comes from a rattlesnake or a non-venomous species, there are clues that you can look for that may help you to determine the origin of the skin.

  1. Scales

    • Carefully examine the scales of the skin. Rattlesnake scales tend to be relatively large for the snake. They are raised and have a distinctive edge around each scale called the keel. The scales are dry and rough to the touch with a matte finish. They also have a ridge that runs down the center of each scale. If the scales are fine for the size of the snakeskin, are smooth and shiny, and are not raised, the likelihood is that the skin is not from a rattlesnake.

    Pattern

    • Examine the pattern and color of the scales. Rattlesnake skins have distinctive patterns, depending on the species, For instance, the Diamondback rattlesnake is renowned for a large, distinct diamond pattern down the length of its back. Many other species of rattlesnake possess diamond-like or banded patterns. A good field guide on snakes can help you identify the pattern of the skin and determine its origin.

    Tail

    • Check the tail to see if it is still attached to the skin. Rattlesnake tails are distinctive. They are made up of sections of hollow keratinous material that form a series of loose joints at the end of the tail. They are unique to rattlesnakes and make an unmistakable sound. The scale patterns of many species also change as they approach the tail to form alternating bands of color. The patterns of non-venomous species tend to run all the way to the tip of the tail.

    Size and Shape

    • Consider the size and shape of the skin. Some species of rattlesnake can grow very large, reaching lengths of 8 feet or more. Few snakes within the United States grow to this size. The bodies of many rattlesnake species also tend to be heavy and thick in the middle. If the skin is large and broad in the middle, use this clue to help determine if the skin is from a rattlesnake or a non-venomous species.

    Head

    • Look at the skin of the head. Rattlesnakes are pit vipers and possess thermal sensory organs in deep depressions, or pits, on the sides of their heads just in front of the eyes that they use to detect prey animals. Look for these pits. If the pits exist, the likelihood is good that the skin may belong to a rattlesnake, as there are no non-poisonous pit vipers.