While the term "pheromone" encompasses a broader range of chemical signals, the specific type you're referring to are often called sex pheromones.
These pheromones can have various effects depending on the species and the specific chemical involved. They can trigger:
* Attraction: Drawing potential mates closer.
* Receptivity: Signaling a female's readiness to mate.
* Synchronization: Coordinating the reproductive cycles of individuals in a population.
* Courtship behavior: Eliciting specific behaviors like singing, dancing, or displaying certain features.
It's important to note that the effects of pheromones can vary greatly depending on the species and context. While some animals rely heavily on pheromones for mate attraction, others use them in conjunction with visual cues or other forms of communication.