1. Number of Vertebrae:Urodele tails are longer and more developed compared to anurans. They can have up to 45 vertebrae, while anuran tails typically have fewer vertebrae, usually around 10-25.
2. Shape and Length: Urodele tails are generally longer and thinner, often exceeding the length of the body. Anuran tails, on the other hand, tend to be shorter and more rounded.
3. Supporting Structures: Urodele tails have well-developed internal supporting structures, including neural arches, haemal arches, and ossified centra (vertebral bodies). In contrast, anuran tails lack these internal supports and are primarily supported by muscles and connective tissues.
4. Tail Musculature: Urodele tails have well-developed muscles, allowing for greater flexibility and movement. This muscular structure enables urodeles to use their tails for various purposes, such as locomotion, balance, and defense. Anuran tails, however, have weaker musculature, limiting their movement and functions.
5. Fin-Like Structures: Urodeles often have fin-like structures, called tailfins, extending from their tails. These fins help urodeles enhance their swimming abilities and maintain stability in the water. Anurans, on the other hand, lack these tailfins.
6. Regeneration: Urodele tails have a remarkable ability to regenerate if lost or injured. This regenerative capacity varies among different urodele species, but many can regrow complex tail structures. In contrast, anurans have limited or no tail regeneration capabilities once their tails are lost or damaged.
These differences in tail anatomy and structure reflect the diverse lifestyles and adaptations of urodeles and anurans within their respective environments.