Why are tuataras almost extinct?

Habitat Loss - The primary cause of the decline of tuatara populations in New Zealand is the destruction and modification of their natural habitat. Deforestation, agricultural development, and the introduction of invasive species are all major contributors to the loss of tuatara habitat.

Predation - Tuataras are vulnerable to predation from a variety of introduced predators, including rats, stoats, cats, and dogs. These predators can easily access many tuatara nesting sites, leading to high levels of nest predation.

Climate Change - Additionally, climate change poses a significant threat to tuatara populations. Rising sea levels and changes in weather patterns can directly affect tuatara nesting sites and food sources.

These factors, combined with the tuatara's slow growth and low reproductive rates, have contributed to their endangered status. Conservation efforts, such as captive breeding programs and predator control measures, are crucial for the survival of this unique species.