Aquatic Turtle Shell Infections

Shell infections, also referred to as "shell rot" or ulcerative shell disease, can impact both terrestrial or aquatic turtles, either captive or wild. Shell infections are far more prevalent in aquatic turtles than terrestrial, and normally stem from unsanitary environmental conditions. Many pet owners find themselves faced with shell infections in their aquatic turtles.

  1. Types

    • There are two distinct types of shell infections that can be found in aquatic turtles: bacterial (sometimes called a "wet" infection) and fungal ("dry" infection). In both cases, organisms enter into scratches or punctures in the turtle's shell and multiply beneath the outer covering. Both types of shell infections are contagious and may spread to other turtles sharing the same habitat.

    Identification

    • Occasionally shell infections can be obvious, but in most case they may easily be overlooked. Periodically check the shell of your aquatic turtle for soft spots, pits, exposed tissue, discharge and fluid collecting under the shell's plates, as these are all signs of shell infection. Sudden changes in behavior may also indicate that there is a potential problem with your aquatic turtle.

    Causes

    • Shell infections have a number of potential causes. The primary cause of shell infections can be traced to a problem with water quality. Aside from dirty water or unsanitary conditions, problems with habitat humidity (either too high or too low) and the lack of a proper basking area also contribute to shell infections. Metabolic bone disease, which results from improper calcium and phosphorus intake, can be yet another cause of shell infections in aquatic turtles.

    Treatment

    • Home treatment for mild cases of shell infection may effectively eradicate shell rot in many turtles. Depending on the type of infection, an anti-fungal or antibacterial cream can be applied directly to the turtle's shell. If the infection persists for more than a week or the infection has destroyed part of the shell, you should take your turtle to a veterinarian who specializes in the treatment of reptiles.

    Prevention

    • The most effective means of preventing aquatic turtle shell infections is through proper maintenance of the turtle's habitat. Research your aquatic turtles well before setting up an enclosure, and contact a veterinarian if you have an questions about water temperature and humidity levels. It is important to use a filtration system to keep water clean and to monitor your turtles carefully.